Pęczarski's 1845 work Card-sharpers by candlelight, depicting a card whose back has been marked, possibly using wax to add lines which become slightly visible when reflecting light
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I'm curious as to how credit markers work. Do you have to be a high roller to get them or do you just have to have REALLY GOOD credit to get them? If you get, lets say, a $20,000 line of credit at the casino, sit there and gamble it all away and can't pay it back before you go back home do they let you make payments on it when you get back home? In general, markers are made of plastic and contain an alcohol-based ink. The alcohol-based ink allows the marker’s work to dry quickly, and reduces the chance of the ink spreading where it isn’t intended. Acid-free vintage markers can be useful for special occasions that require years of permanence. In such a case, the casino floorperson will fill out most of the information on a marker form and ask you to sign it. If you don’t hand in a player’s card, or if the casino is very busy, the floorperson will give you a small sheet of paper where you’ll write your name, address, phone number, the name of your bank, and how much you want to. Casino markers are lines of credit that allow high-level gambling patrons easy access to large sums of cash. Candidates for a marker must apply to the casino credit department where the patron's financial worthiness is examined and final line of credit determined.
Card marking is the process of altering playing cards in a method only apparent to marker or conspirator, such as by bending or adding visible marks to a card. This allows different methods for card sharps to cheat or may be used for magic tricks. To be effective, the distinguishing mark or marks must be visible on the obverse sides of the cards, which are normally uniform.
Casinos alter playing cards used at table games before they are sold or given away to prevent cheaters from buying them to cheat at table games.
Card marking is often used to cheat when gambling or for card tricks. Many casinos, particularly those in Las Vegas alter the decks of cards they sell to tourists – either by punching holes through the middle of cards or trimming their edges – to prevent cheaters from returning to the game tables after buying the cards and then slipping the favorable cards into their hands when playing. Best game to play in the casino.
Marked cards can be used regardless of who shuffles and deals the cards. Some more sophisticated marked-cards scams involve additional manipulative skills to steer the cards into the correct positions once the desired cards have been identified.
History[edit]
Historically, the first attempts to mark playing cards involved bends, crimps and tiny pinprick bumps known as 'blisters', resembling the Braille script. Later, when the first designs appeared on the backs of playing cards, cheats began altering the designs on the backs of cards. Hustlers have used various inks, pigments and scratches, to add or remove lines or patterns from the back of the card design. Some varieties of card marking include block-out work, cut-out work, scroll work, shade work and tint work.
More recently, science and technology have also enhanced marked-card techniques. Modern technologies are variations of shade techniques.[clarification needed]Traditional block-out and cut-out work have the disadvantage that they must be read close-up, because the marks are small. On the other hand, another advantage of luminous and juice marked-card technology[clarification needed] is that they can be read close-up or from across a table.
Processes[edit]
Block-out[edit]
In brief, block-out work is simply using the same color ink as the back of the card and coloring in small white areas of the card. For example, sometimes people add ink to the flowers on the back of a card by making the petals narrower or blocking out a bird on the back design.
Tinting[edit]
By subtly tinting different body parts of this small 'angel' feature on the back of a playing card - the head for an ace, the left wing for a king, etc. - the card's rank can be discerned. The two is left unmarked.
A more subtle variation on blocking, card backs can be marked by lightly tinting certain areas of a detail. Rather than blocking out the entire petal on a flower detail, the petal is washed with a light ink of a similar colour to the card ink.
Cut-out[edit]
As far as cut-out work is concerned, people sometimes use a razor to scrape off some of the printed areas of the card, such as adding (cutting out) a white bird to the back design.
Shading[edit]
- Luminous marking - These can only be read by using special gimmick sunglasses or by wearing contact lenses. The original luminous systems used red lenses and greenish ink on the back of red cards, though more recent variations use chemicals[clarification needed] applied to the cards.
- Video-luminous marking - Video-luminous cards use marks that can not be seen by the human eye, even through a luminous filter. The marks can only be read by using custom-designed electronics and filters and displayed on a TV monitor in another room to a partner. Then the card values may be signaled or transmitted to the player who needs to know. Video-luminous does not have to be used for cheating. They may be used for magic or by a poker house or person who may want to analyze a card game after the fact. If collusion is suspected, the recorded images of the marked cards may be played back later to detect any unusual play. If a player consistently folds a good hand when a partner plays a better hand, then it can be assumed that collusion is taking place in the game. Since these marks cannot be seen by the human eye, there is no chance of detection of the marks, even by knowledgeable players, during the game. Often such marked decks will only be introduced by the house when suspected colluders are seated.
- Juice-marking - The marks are only visible when a person is trained to read the marks. No filtered sunglasses are required, although glasses can be used to make it easier to spot these marks.
- Tintwork or shade - This technique uses a tint solution to mark cards, but the marking patterns vary depending upon the back design of the cards being marked.
- Daub - A special paste is used by a player to mark someone else's deck, on the fly, while the cards are being used during a game and even while being watched. This eliminates the need to switch in a pre-marked deck of cards.
- Juice dust - An advanced type of daub, it may be used to make an ad hoc juiced deck. Like daub, it also allows a player to mark someone else's deck, on the fly, while being watched. The main advantages of juice dust are that it will not dull the finish of the cards and that it works on both paper and 100% plastic playing cards.[clarification needed]
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It is not necessary to mark the entire deck in order to gain an advantage in most types of poker - even marking just one rank (especially the aces) is enough to gain a significant advantage in a game such as Texas hold 'em.
Detecting marked cards[edit]
Some marked cards can be identified by performing the gamblers' riffle test (also known as 'going to the movies'). Looking at the back of the cards while they are being riffled, the marks will 'dance' around the back of the cards like an old-fashioned cartoon, provided that the viewer knows what sort of marks to look for. The riffle test is less effective for detecting cards marked with luminous and juice methods.
Reflected light off the back of the card will reveal cut-out work (scratches or white ink), as well as many inks or solutions that tend to dull the finish on playing cards because they are alcohol-based. Only the highest quality solutions will not burn the finish of cards. Placing a drop of alcohol on a card and then looking at the finish by reflecting light off the back reveals the dulling effect that these cheap solutions can cause.
See also[edit]
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What Is Bingo?
Bingo is a game that is played with large groups of people. The number of people that can play a session of bingo is almost limitless. In Las Vegas, there are large bingo parlors that seat hundreds of people. Casino top games.
Each player plays against every other player, rather than “the house.” The house only provides the game and maintains the integrity of the play. The house also verifies the wins and awards the prizes to the winners.
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Bingo, as America knows it, was invented in 1929. Since then, bingo rules have evolved slightly. Each state, however, has developed laws that can vary the regulations of the game. Often these laws are more about prizes and integrity, while the rules of play stay quite standard. For instance, the rule that “Bingo” must be announced by a player who believes he has won is almost universal.
How Does Bingo Work?
Each player has a bingo ‘card’ that is a matrix of five squares by five squares. Across the top are the letters “B,” “I,” “N,” “G,” and “O.” Each of the twenty-five squares is filled with a number.
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How Does Bingo Work?
The Bingo Caller usually sits in the front. Above him is a big board (often a light board) that notates the numbers that have already been called. The caller also has a basket or tumbler that randomizes the balls. Each ball is marked with a number.
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Bingo games generally have 75 balls in play. Each letter in “Bingo” corresponds to certain numbers. “B” represents the numbers 1-15. “I” corresponds with 16-30. The letter “N” owns 31-45. “G” takes the numbers 46-60, and finally, “O” finishes the sequence with 61-75.
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The caller will grab a ball and call the letter and the number on the ball. For instance: “I-21.” He will usually call that out a couple of times. As he does, the players that have that spot on their cards will mark it.
Often, the bingo cards are made of paper and the players mark the spots with fluorescent “markers” called daubers. This marks the spot without covering the number from view. After giving a few seconds, the caller will repeat this procedure with the next ball that he draws from the tumbler.
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This continues until someone manages to fill their card in the pattern that was designated at the beginning of the game. When that happens, that player calls out “BINGO.” At that point, a runner or the player takes the game card to be verified. Either the caller or someone else, acting as a judge, verifies that the bingo has been reached. If so, the player wins the prize that was also designated at the beginning of the game.
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Bingo is usually played in sessions with several games played over the course of two to three hours. The games often progress from simple patterns at the beginning. The evening usually culminates with the final game of the session being a “blackout” game which needs every spot marked. The prizes will usually correspond in value to the progression of the complexity of the patterns.